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Iko thermos dị mkpa na ndụ ndị mmadụ kwa ụbọchị.Ọtụtụ ndị mmadụ na-enwe mmasị ịṅụ mmiri ọkụ, na iko thermos nwere ike idobe okpomọkụ mmiri, ya mere onye ọ bụla na-eji ya eme ihe n'oge oyi.Ya mere, gịnị mere ọ ga-eji na-ekpo ọkụ, ị maara ụkpụrụ dị n'azụ ya?

A na-esi na karama thermos mepụta iko thermos.Ụkpụrụ nke nchekwa ọkụ bụ otu ihe ahụ nke karama thermos.Maka ịdị mma nke iburu, a na-eme karama ahụ ka ọ bụrụ iko.Na mbụ, ndị mmadụ na-eji karama thermos chekwaa mmiri ọkụ.A na-akpọkwa karama thermos karama, karama mmiri esi mmiri ma ọ bụ ite ọkụ.Eji nchichi mechie ọnụ.

Ọkachamara physics Sir James Dewar chepụtara flask nke ọgbara ọhụrụ na 1892.N'oge ahụ, ọ na-arụ ọrụ nyocha banyere ịcha mmanụ gas.Iji gbanye gas na obere okpomọkụ, ọ dị mkpa ka ọ buru ụzọ chepụta akpa nke nwere ike wepụ gas na okpomọkụ dị n'èzí.Ya mere ọ gwara Berg, onye na-ahụ maka ugegbe, ka ọ fụọ ya karama okpukpu abụọ.A na-eji mercury kpuchie mgbidi dị n'ime nke okpukpu abụọ, mgbe ahụ, ikuku dị n'etiti akwa abụọ ahụ na-amịpụta ka ọ bụrụ oghere.A na-akpọkwa ụdị karama oghere a "Du bottle", nke nwere ike ime ka okpomọkụ nke mmiri mmiri dị na ya gbanwee ruo oge ụfọdụ n'agbanyeghị ma ọ dị oyi ma ọ bụ na-ekpo ọkụ.

E nwere ụzọ atọ nke nnyefe okpomọkụ: okpomọkụ conduction, okpomọkụ convection na okpomọkụ radieshon.Ihe mkpuchi nke karama mmiri a na-ekpuchi ekpuchi bụ ihe owuwu iko okpukpu abụọ, na etiti na-ekpochapụ iji belata okpomọkụ;A na-egbochi ihe mkpuchi iko ahụ na ihe mkpuchi nke na-adịghị mfe ime okpomọkụ, na mmiri ọkụ nwere ike ịwụsa iji belata okpomọkụ convection;A na-ekpuchi ihe mkpuchi ahụ n'etiti iko ọlaọcha okpukpu abụọ, nke nwere ike igosi ọkụ ọkụ n'ime karama azụ.Eledala obere karama thermos ọ bụla anya, ọ na-eji ụzọ mbufe ọkụ atọ iji nweta mmetụta nchekwa ọkụ kacha mma.

Igwe mmiri nke mbụ thermos bụ eriri dị n'ime nke obere karama mmiri thermos, mana maka ịdị mma nke ịṅụ mmanya, ọnụ ọnụ nke ime ahụ mepere emepe.Site na mmepe nke ọha mmadụ, a na-ahụkarị ụdị iko liner thermos na-esighi ike, na ọtụtụ iko thermos bụ igwe anaghị agba nchara, mana ụkpụrụ nke nchekwa ọkụ bụ otu ihe ahụ.

The igwe anaghị agba nchara thermos mmiri karama nwere okpukpu abụọ-layer Ọdịdị, na n'ime tank na iko ahụ na-welded ọnụ na-etolite a agụụ, nke na-adịghị nyefee okpomọkụ;n'ike mmụọ nsọ nke thermos mmiri karama nwere ezigbo akara arụmọrụ, na okpomọkụ ọnwụ bụ nnọọ obere site convection.A na-etinye ọla kọpa ma ọ bụ ọlaọcha n'etiti tank nke dị n'ime na akwa abụọ nke igwe anaghị agba nchara na ahụ iko, nke nwere ike ibelata okpomọkụ nke radieshon na-efunahụ nke ọma.Igwe anaghị agba nchara mkpuchi mmiri dị mfe iburu, na-adịgide adịgide ma dị mfe dị ọcha, ma jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ ghọọ ọkacha mmasị ọhụrụ n'ahịa.

N'ikwu okwu n'ozuzu, akụkụ kachasị njọ nke karama thermos bụ ọkpọkọ, ya mere iko thermos nke nwere ikike dị ukwuu na obere ọnụ ga-enwe mmetụta nchekwa ọkụ ka mma.Mgbe ị na-eji ụgbọ ala eme njem ma ọ bụ na-eme egwuregwu n'èzí, iko thermos nke nwere nnukwu ike na-aghọ ngwa a ga-enwerịrị.

The thermos na-eme ka okpomọkụ ghara ịdị ọkụ, yabụ ọ bụghị naanị na ọ na-edobe mmiri ọkụ n'otu okpomọkụ, ma ọ nwekwara ike idobe ihe dị ka sorbet na okpomọkụ.Ọdịdị nke iko thermos na-eme ka okpomọkụ dị n'ime ya sie ike, ọ dịghịkwa mfe ikpo ọkụ n'èzí ịbanye n'ime ya, ya mere iko thermos nwere ike ịnọgide na-enwe "ọkụ" na "oyi".